Potatoes: Rinse and cover with cold water and a pinch of salt. Boil until fork tender, then let them cool completely. Remove the skin and cut into cubes.
Beets: Cover with cold water, adding a little lemon juice or vinegar to prevent them from bleeding. Boil until tender, about an hour, then rinse under cold water and remove the skin. Thinly slice some of the beets for decoration if desired, then cube the rest.
Carrots: Peel them and cover with cold water. Boil until tender, but not mushy. Run them under cold water to cool, then cut into cubes.
Green Beans & Peas: Boil until they are tender and cooked.
Shrimp: Add the raw shrimp to a pot of boiling water, then leave them in until they turn pink and float to the surface, about 1-2 minutes. Immediately remove them and place in an ice bath to cool.
Hard-Boiled Egg: Boil an egg until it's hard-boiled; about 10 minutes. Chill it in an ice bath for 10 minutes, then peel and quarter lengthwise.