Preheat the oven to 350°F (180°C). Grease and line a 7-inch (18 cm) springform tin or cake tin with parchment, then lightly dust with flour.
Whisk the flour and baking powder in a large mixing bowl.
Beat the butter and sugar in a large bowl until smooth and creamy. Add the eggs (not the extra yolk) one at a time, beating well between each one.
Gradually mix in the flour mixture until the batter is smooth and combined. Transfer to a piping bag fitted with a large round nozzle.
Pipe a spiral of batter to cover the base of the tin, then pipe a single circle around the outside of the tin to form a wall about 1 inch (2 cm) high.
Fill the center of the tin with the pastry cream, then smooth the top. Pipe the remaining batter over the top of the pastry cream to seal, making sure the top is smooth. Chill in the fridge for at least 15 minutes.
Combine the egg yolk and ¼ cup (60 ml) of milk, whisking until well combined. Brush the mixture over the top of the cake and use a fork or knife to score a faint crosshatched pattern on top.
Bake the gâteau until it's well risen and golden brown, about 45 minutes.
Let the gâteau cool completely on a wire rack. If you used a springform tin, remove it from the pan after 10-15 minutes of cooling. Serve by itself or with cherry preserves.